Kraków 2024-01-02
Electric Locomotive ET22-775.
ET22 Electric Locomotives.
ET22 is a Polish heavy locomotive produced in the period 1969 - 1989, at the PaFaWag factory under the designation 201E. A total of 1,184 units were produced for PKP and 23 locomotives for Morocco. The ET22 locomotive was developed in the railway construction office in Poznań. The project was based on experience from the operation of ET-21 locomotives, which had been in use since 1957. The locomotive was initially designated 7E and was eventually designated 201E. Due to the long production period, the locomotive was subject to several modifications. Until 2001, ET22 locomotives were used by PKP, and in 2001, as a result of changes, they all went to PKP Cargo. In the following years, many locomotives were transferred to other carriers operating in Poland. Since 2005, some ET22 units can run on Czech and Slovak railways.
According to the inventory list included in the Annual Report of the PKP Group as at December 31, 2007, ET22 and EU07 were the two largest series of linear locomotives owned by PKP CARGO S.A. They consisted of: ET22, 940 copies, EU07, 263 copies. This means that the PKP InterCity company, which was involved in passenger transport, had passenger cars, but no locomotives.
The "PKP Intercity" company (initially as a limited liability company) was established on September 1, 2001, as a result of the restructuring of the state-owned enterprise "Polskie Koleje Państwowe". On January 2, 2008, it was transformed into a joint-stock company. Since 2009, PKP InterCity has had its own locomotives.
As it turned out, the carrier (company) without locomotives was dependent on another carrier (company). It wasn't a good situation. As a result, there were situations when passenger trains were driven by ET22 locomotives, locomotives typically adapted to freight trains. However, the operation of passenger trains by ET22 locomotives was not limited to the period 2001 - 2009. Such types of train sets existed already in the 1980s, although there was only one company, PKP, at that time.
This does not mean, however, that this type of trains were ineffective and the trains did not run according to schedule. The ET22 locomotives have a design speed of 120 km/h and the EU07 locomotives have a design speed of 125 km/h. However, ET22 locomotives reached line speed faster and with more wagons.
One passenger car weighs from 32,500 kg to 45,500 kg. The longest passenger trains in Poland are composed of 15-16 wagons. These are special trains, assembled on separate orders. The longest scheduled passenger trains have 13 cars and run during holiday periods. Electric locomotives were able to pull longer trains, but the problem was the length of the platforms. Typical platforms at larger stations are about 300 m long, which means they should accommodate 12 carriages. During the holiday season, train staff often ask people getting off to move to the carriages closer to the locomotive.
In 2009, a simulated comparative analysis of transport performance and energy consumption was carried out between ET22 and EU07 locomotives. The theoretical trains consisted of 25 tank wagons, with a total weight of 1,750 tons. The analysis of simulation runs did not allow us to clearly determine which locomotive is better to perform the task in question. In terms of time, the ET22 locomotive was better. This was due to the higher continuous power of the ET22 locomotive (3 MW) than the EU07 (2 MW), which allows for faster start-up. However, the EU07 locomotive was slightly better in terms of energy. For the analysis to be complete, the costs of inspections, repairs and statistical failures also had to be analyzed. The costs were higher for ET22 (6-axis), but not by much.
Currently (2023), the InterCity carrier has over 2,100 passenger wagons, 76 EMUs, over 300 electric locomotives and about 30 track diesel locomotives. Of this number, approximately 100 electric locomotives are out of service because they must undergo subsequent levels of overhaul inspection. There are no ET22 locomotives among electric locomotives.
ET22-775.
The ET22-775 electric locomotive, factory number 201E-776, was built in 1983. In February 1983, she came to MD Szczecin Główny. In 1986, there was a revision repair of the R1. In 1988, there was a standard repair of the S1. In 1989, operated in MD Białogard. In 1991, R3 was overhauled. In 1996, again in Szczecin, after a revision repair of R4. In 2001, modernization in ZNTK Oleśnica. In 2006, R6 inspection repair at ZNTK Oleśnica. Since 2009, at PKP Cargo Zachodniopomorski Zakład Zakłady w Szczecinie. In 2014, PKP Cargo Zachodni Plant of the Company in Poznań. In 2015, PKP Cargo S.A. Central. In 2017, PKP Cargo Zachodni Plant of the Company in Poznań. It has been out of service since August 2020 and was awaiting scrapping. In 2023, scrapped in Chorzów Batory - OLMET.
Data T-T ET22:
Co'Co' axis system. Length 19.24 m. Width 3.00 m. Height 4.46 m. Service weight 120,000 kg. Axle load 20,000 kg. Wheel diameter 1.25 m. Electric power supply 3,000 V. Motor type EE541. Engine gear 79:18. Design speed 120 km/h. Oerlikon type braking system. The locomotive pulls trains weighing up to 3,500 tons.
Written by Karol Placha Hetman